Metro automation means a shift from conventional signalling systems.
When modernising operations using Communication Based Train Control (CBTC) technology in Grade of Automation 2 (GOA2), there are some areas of change that the drivers and/or the operators must face. Those changes might be directly induced by the operational improvements offered by the new system, but can also be a consequence of the technology used.
This paper intends to collect measures and options that have been taken by public transport operators across eight different countries to cope with those changes.
Barcelona, Spain
Brussels, Belgium
Frankfurt, Germany
London, United Kingdom
Madrid, Spain
Marseille, France
Milan, Italy
Montréal, Canada
Paris, France